Originally posted by Exalt
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Of all the tribes of North America, the Mahican and Mohegan tribes are probably the ones most frequently confused. Even ordinarily reliable online sources like the Ethnologue of Languages and Wikipedia are incorrectly lumping these peoples together. This confusion is nothing new, either--in the 19th-century classic "Last of the Mohicans," James Fenimore Cooper famously confused important details from at least these two tribes (he may have gotten the idea of a tribe on the verge of extinction from a third Algonquian tribe of New England, since neither the Mahicans nor the Mohegans were in this situation.)
Anyway, so we get asked a lot whether these two tribes are really the same and whether their names are the same and whether they spoke the same language. First, no, they are not the same tribe and never have been. They were kinfolk and shared many cultural traits, like other Algonquian peoples of New England, but they were no more closely related to each other than they were to the Lenape, the Munsee, the Wampanoag, the Abenaki, and dozens of other New England tribes whose names were less confusingly similar. Second, the names were not so similar before English speakers got ahold of them. The Mohegans called themselves Mahiingan, "wolf," and the Mahicans called themselves Muheconneok, their name for the Hudson River. And third, the languages were not the same. They were related to each other, like English and German, but were different enough that colonists who had learned one language could not communicate with the other tribe. (Most of the Indians in this area were multilingual themselves, so it is hard to tell from historical accounts how mutually comprehensible the languages were.)
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